颌面外科书上对于比如口腔黏膜病变，要求在病变与正常组织交界处进行切取活检。
之前的理解是可能需要正常组织与病变组织进行对照。最近看Cawson’s Essentials of Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine时，里面提到：
即：
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Normal tissue inclusion is not for pathologists’ comparison: Pathologists do not necessarily need normal tissue for comparison because they are already familiar with the normal histological variations. Hence, including normal tissue for this reason is widely misunderstood.
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Prevent disintegration of the sample: Including normal tissue can help stabilize the biopsy sample, especially for lesions that are prone to disintegrate. This helps in keeping the sample intact for examination.
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Prove invasion of surrounding tissue by a malignant process: If there is suspicion of a malignant process, including normal tissue at the margin can help in determining whether the cancer has invaded surrounding tissues.
从病理医生角度出发的其他一些活检的tips包括：
