Stylomandibular tunnel

stylomandibular tunnel

The stylomandibular tunnel (SMT) is defined as the space between the mandibular ramus anteriorly and styloid process and stylomandibular ligament posteriorly.

图片引用自参考文献1

茎突比较细，受到挤压的时候可能会导致其发生移位变形。有研究者发生与咽旁间隙的病变，由于其起源部位不同以及生长方向不同，可能导致SMT宽窄的变化，从而为临床的鉴别诊断以及手术入路设计提供信息¹：

• 发生于茎突前间隙/咽旁前间隙或者腮腺深叶的肿瘤可能导致SMT变宽；
• 而发生于茎突后间隙/咽旁后间隙的肿瘤，常常挤压茎突，导致SMT变窄。

图片引用自参考文献1

咽旁间隙

在人卫第七版的《口腔解剖生理学》第236页中将提到“咽旁间隙有茎突及茎突诸肌将其分为前后两部：前部称咽旁前间隙（或称茎突前间隙）；后部称咽旁后间隙（或称茎突后间隙）。

有文献将前后两部的分隔进行了细化："The parapharyngeal space of the suprahyoid neck is separated in reference to the styloid process, specifically the tensor-vascular-styloid fascia, into pre-styloid and poststyloid compartments.The post-styloid parapharyngeal compartment is also described as the carotid space."²

图片引用自参考文献2

The tensor-vascular-styloid fascia is a part of the middle layer of the deep cervical fascia that has been suggested to divide the prestyloid and poststyloid compartments of the parapharyngeal space. It is an extension of, and previously sometimes referred to as, the tensor veli palatini fascia³.